Horseradish
Savory & ferment· savory bridge

What it is
Horseradish is the root of Armoracia rusticana, a plant in the mustard family grated fresh as a condiment.
What it tastes like
On the nose: mustard; the house adds heat, sinus bite, earthy ✳. Among its measured molecules: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 3-(Methylthio)propyl isothiocyanate, 1-Cyano-2,3-epithiopropane, 3-sec-Butyl-2-methoxypyrazine, Wine lactone.
What goes with it
- Wasabiboth carry allyl isothiocyanate, mustardcite
- Jasmineboth carry 3-Methylindolecite
- Sauerkrautboth carry allyl isothiocyanate, mustardcite
Salt and acid
Salt
Sodium 420 mg per 100 g — USDA FoodData Central 173472.
Acid
Acid not measured yet.
11 of 25 compounds on file carry a paper the library can cite.
benzyl isothiocyanatearomasulfur compoundMeasured in 2 of 338 ingredients.cite
0.8-2.1 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 1.3, BA x VFS 2.1, BA 0.8, Kroener 1.0, Nyehemes 1.5, NA 1.5) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2, row 'Benzyl isothiocyanate')allyl isothiocyanatearomasulfur compoundreads as mustard odor (PubChem)Measured in 3 of 338 ingredients.cite
936-1990 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 1110, BA x VFS 936, BA 1430, Kroener 1490, Nyehemes 1990, NA 1420) -- by far the largest of the quantified compounds, and the compound the paper's own text credits with both the characteristic horseradish aroma and its pungency — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2 (Content [µg/g] of important aroma-active compounds in one gram of freshly ground horseradish root of six different horseradish varieties, determined by HRGC-O/FID), row 'Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)')3-Methylindolearomanitrogen compoundreads as warm, over-ripe, fruity flavor below 0 (PubChem)Measured in 2 of 338 ingredients.cite
1.3-13.2 ng/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 5.9, BA x VFS 1.3, BA 10.3, Kroener 13.2, Nyehemes 3.2, NA 8.5) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 3, row '3-Methylindole (skatole)')phenethyl isothiocyanatearomasulfur compoundMeasured in 3 of 338 ingredients.cite
39.6-270 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 39.6, BA x VFS 242, BA 124, Kroener 64.7, Nyehemes 153, NA 270) -- second-largest quantified compound, formed by the same enzymatic glucosinolate hydrolysis as AITC upon rupture of root cells — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2, row '2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)')2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazinearomanitrogen compoundMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
6.8-95.2 ng/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 21.5, BA x VFS 13.3, BA 10.3, Kroener 6.8, Nyehemes 95.2, NA 30.8); the paper's abstract names this compound, alongside AITC, as one of the two main odorants common to all varieties tested, with variety Nyehemes standing out for a notably higher content — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 3 (Content [ng/g] of important aroma-active compounds ... determined by HRGC-MS or HRGC-GC-MS/O), row '3-Isopropyl-2-methoxypyrazine')3-(Methylthio)propyl isothiocyanatearomaMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
0.8-4.6 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 0.9, BA x VFS 0.8, BA 4.0, Kroener 1.8, Nyehemes 4.6, NA 2.2) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2, row '3-(Methylthio)propyl isothiocyanate')sec-Butyl isothiocyanatearomaMeasured in 2 of 338 ingredients.cite
3.7-8.7 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 7.3, BA x VFS 3.8, BA 8.4, Kroener 8.7, Nyehemes 3.7, NA 6.3) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2, row 'sec-Butyl isothiocyanate')1-Cyano-2,3-epithiopropanearomasugarMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
0.2-25.1 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 24.9, BA x VFS 0.2, BA 15.9, Kroener 25.1, Nyehemes 16.3, NA 0.9); the only odor-active nitrile reported in this study — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2, row '1-Cyano-2,3-epithiopropane (CETP)')3-sec-Butyl-2-methoxypyrazinearomapyrazineMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
6.7-58.1 ng/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 11.5, BA x VFS 8.5, BA 32.2, Kroener 26.9, Nyehemes 58.1, NA 6.7) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 3, row '3-sec-Butyl-2-methoxypyrazine')(3Z)-3-hexenalaromaaldehydeMeasured in 7 of 338 ingredients.cite
0.7-5.1 µg/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 5.1, BA x VFS 1.5, BA 0.7, Kroener 2.4, Nyehemes 3.8, NA 2.0) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 2, row '(Z)-3-Hexenal')Wine lactonearomaMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
1.0-10.2 ng/g across six horseradish varieties (VFS x BA 10.2, BA x VFS 7.1, BA 9.6, Kroener 1.0, Nyehemes 3.8, NA 1.6) — Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry (Table 3, row '(3S,3aS,7aR)-Wine lactone')
On file, no cited source yet ✳
These molecules are on record for it from the library's earlier sources. We are buying and requesting the papers; each one that lands moves its molecule up into the cited list.
- matairesinolphenol
- 3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneflavonoid
- 3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneflavonoid
- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 2-methyl-N-sulfooxybutanimidothioateacid
- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 4-methylsulfinyl-N-sulfooxybutanimidothioateacid
- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 4-methylsulfanyl-N-sulfooxybutanimidothioateacid
- quercetinflavonoid
- apigeninflavonoid
- luteolinflavonoid
- kaempferolflavonoid
- myricetinflavonoid
- secoisolariciresinol
- Sinigrinacid
- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 8-methylsulfinyl-N-sulfooxyoctanimidothioateacid
Sources
- Kroener et al. 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry