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Shiso

Herbs & floral· herb

Shiso

What it is

Shiso is the leaf of Perilla frutescens, a plant in the mint family used in Japanese and Korean cooking.

What it tastes like

On the nose: camphor, citrus, spicy. Among its measured molecules: 2-hexanoylfuran, perilla ketone, α-asarone, perillaldehyde, alpha-farnesene.

What goes with it

256 more go with it. See them all in the full library →

Salt and acid

Salt

Salt not measured yet.

Acid

Acid not measured yet.

Unusual pairings

Pairs the library can cite that almost nobody makes.

16 of 409 compounds on file carry a paper the library can cite.

  • 1,8-cineolearomaterpenoidreads as camphor-like odor (PubChem)Measured in 38 of 338 ingredients.cite
    4.68% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, the GC-MS composition sentence)
  • linaloolaromaalcoholreads as spicy, citrus taste (PubChem)Measured in 91 of 338 ingredients.cite
    51.62% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil; the paper states the oil was 'characterized by the predominance of linalool (51.62%)' — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, section 'The Inhibitory Effect of PEO...' — the sentence reporting the 17 compounds identified by GC-MS (Table S1))
  • alpha-pinenearomaterpenoidreads as odor of turpentine (PubChem)Measured in 71 of 338 ingredients.cite
    1.98% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, the GC-MS composition sentence)
  • beta-pinenearomaterpenoidreads as terpene odor (PubChem)Measured in 55 of 338 ingredients.cite
    1.65% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, the GC-MS composition sentence)
  • perillaldehydearomaaldehydeMeasured in 4 of 338 ingredients.cite
    928 ± 165 µg/g in fresh leaf and 868 ± 143 µg/g in dried leaf; the table footnote states 'Concentrations (µg/g) are expressed as the content per unit of fresh (predry) leaf weight. Values are recorded as the mean ± standard error (n = 14‒20).' Perillaldehyde is the only row in the table carrying no significance stars, i.e. drying did not significantly change it, while rosmarinic acid, apigenin and luteolin all shifted at p < 0.001 — Kagawa et al. 2019, Food Science & Nutrition (Table 1 (Concentrations of compounds extracted from fresh and dried leaves of perilla), row 'Perillaldehyde')
  • limonenearomaterpenoidreads as pleasant lemon-like (PubChem)Measured in 91 of 338 ingredients.cite
    11.62% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, the GC-MS composition sentence)
  • myrcenearomaterpenoidreads as pleasant (PubChem)Measured in 68 of 338 ingredients.cite
    1.93% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil; the Discussion names limonene, linalool and myrcene as the oil's main components — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, the GC-MS composition sentence)
  • 2-hexanoylfuranaromaketoneMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
    2.49% of the leaf volatiles (43.54% of the stem column, which is not this node) — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row '2-hexanoylfuran', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • perilla ketonearomaketoneMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
    5.11% of the Perilla frutescens essential oil — Cai et al. 2023, Foods (Results, the GC-MS composition sentence)
  • spathulenolaromaalcoholMeasured in 13 of 338 ingredients.cite
    1.59% of the leaf volatiles; detected in no other part — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'spathulenol', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • α-asaronearomaetherMeasured in 1 of 338 ingredients.cite
    23.91% of the leaf volatiles — the largest single component of the leaf column — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'asarone', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • β-caryophyllene oxidearomaetherMeasured in 19 of 338 ingredients.cite
    0.73% of the leaf volatiles — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'caryophyllene oxide', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • caryophyllenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 50 of 338 ingredients.cite
    10.15% of the leaf volatiles (45.47% of the seed column, which is not this node) — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'β-caryophyllene', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • alpha-farnesenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 8 of 338 ingredients.cite
    1.61% of the leaf volatiles — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'α-farnesene', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • β-farnesenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 12 of 338 ingredients.cite
    2.00% of the leaf volatiles — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'β-farnesene', column 'Perillae Folium')
  • nerolidolaromaalcoholMeasured in 14 of 338 ingredients.cite
    0.48% of the leaf volatiles; detected in no other part — Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal (Table 4, row 'trans-nerolidol', column 'Perillae Folium')

On file, no cited source yet ✳

These molecules are on record for it from the library's earlier sources. We are buying and requesting the papers; each one that lands moves its molecule up into the cited list.

  • 5-Methoxyfuro[2,3-g][3]benzoxepin
  • D-Linalool 3-glucosideterpenoid
  • β-bisaboleneterpenoid
  • Malonylshisoninflavonoid
  • dillapioleacid
  • elemicinacid
  • indole-3-carboxaldehydenitrogen compound
  • 1beta,2alpha-Dimethyl-3beta,4alpha-bis(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclobutane
  • carvacrolphenolreads as thymol odor (PubChem)
  • Magnosalin
  • Perilloxin
  • oleanolic acidacid
  • 1-isopropyl-4-methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-olterpenoid
  • β-cadineneterpenoidreads as slight pleasant odor (PubChem)
  • apioleacid
  • (3S)-3alpha-Hydroxy-4beta-(1-methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carbaldehydeterpenoid
  • m-cymeneterpenoid
  • perillyl alcoholterpenoid
  • α-selineneterpenoid
  • (+)-sabineneterpenoid
  • (S)-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylateacid
  • 3-Hexen-1-olalcohol
  • hexadecaneacid
  • beta-D-Galactopyranoside, phenylmethyl
  • alpha-terpinyl acetateterpenoid
  • ethenyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • (6E)-(-)-nerolidolalcohol
  • terpinoleneterpenoidreads as terpene taste (PubChem)
  • 3-octanolalcohol
  • 2,2-dimethylpentaneacid
  • 2E,4E,6E-Allofarneseneterpenoid
  • (3R)-3-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-5-phenylpentanoic acid
  • 3-methyl-2-[(1E)-3-methylbuta-1,3-dien-1-yl]furanterpenoid
  • γ-aminobutyric acidacid
  • (R)-prunasinnitrogen compound
  • Malonylshisoninflavonoid
  • 1-penten-3-olalcohol
  • 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerolacid
  • L-lysineacid
  • 1-(3-methylfuran-2-yl)ethan-1-oneketone
  • 2-hexanolalcohol
  • Amorphen-10-olterpenoid
  • (1S)-1,2,3,4,4aalpha,7,8,8aalpha-Octahydro-1,6-dimethyl-4beta-isopropylnaphthalen-1beta-olterpenoid
  • Copaeneterpenoid
  • (-)-longifoleneterpenoid
  • Alloaromadendreneterpenoid
  • δ-elemeneterpenoid
  • eremophileneterpenoid
  • (+)-α-fencheneterpenoid
  • (4aalpha,8aalpha)-1alpha,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-Octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)naphthaleneterpenoid
  • Eucalyptosin Asugar
  • (3R)-3-ethenyl-2,5-dimethylhexa-1,4-dieneterpenoid
  • tridecaneacidreads as hydrocarbon odor (PubChem)
  • heptadecaneacidreads as fuel-like (PubChem)
  • heneicosaneacid
  • pentacosaneacid
  • octacosaneacid
  • nonacosaneacid
  • tritriacontaneacid
  • tricosaneacid
  • perillic acidacid
  • (2R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanamidenitrogen compound
  • (1aR,4S,4aS,7R,7aR,7bS)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulen-4-olterpenoid
  • Cyanidin 3-(6''-ferulylglucoside) 5-glucosideflavonoid
  • Cyanidin 3-(6-feruloylglucoside) 5-(6-malonylglucoside)flavonoid
  • castasteronealcohol
  • (1E,8E)-2,6,6,9-tetramethylcycloundeca-1,4,8-trieneterpenoid
  • 1-Oxacyclotridec-11-en-2-onelactone
  • 2-cyclopentenoneketone
  • 1,2,3-trimethyl-1-cyclopenteneterpenoid
  • (1aR,4aR,7S,7aS,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-1a,2,3,4a,5,6,7a,7b-octahydrocyclopropa[h]azulen-7-olterpenoid
  • (1S,2Z,6E,10S)-3,7,11,11-tetramethylbicyclo[8.1.0]undeca-2,6-dieneterpenoid
  • neoxanthinterpenoid
  • [6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoatesugar
  • 2-Ethyladamantane
  • 2-nonyneacid
  • 7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • 4,4-Dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-oneterpenoid
  • 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-ketone
  • 3-[[6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
  • Shisonin Bflavonoid
  • 11-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-decahydro-3aH-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-7a-carboxylic acidterpenoid
  • (3aS,5aR,5bS,7aS,10R,11R,11aS,13aS,13bS)-11-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-3aH,4H,5H,6H,7H,8H,9H,10H,11aH,13H,13aH-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-7a-carboxylic acidterpenoid
  • 3-[[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
  • Cyanidin 3-(6-caffeoylglucoside) 5-glucosidesugar
  • glyceryl 1-palmitateacid
  • alpha-tocopherolterpenoidreads as little or no taste (PubChem)
  • (6E)-2,6-dimethyl-10-methylidenedodeca-2,6-dieneacid
  • pent-2-en-1-olalcohol
  • Oct-1-en-2-olalcohol
  • 1-penten-3-oneketone
  • (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acidflavonoid
  • (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acidflavonoid
  • (1aR,7S,7aS,7bS)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1a,2,3,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydrocyclopropa[e]azuleneterpenoid
  • (2R)-2-phenyl-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyacetonitrilesugar
  • (1R,4S,5S,7S)-4,10,11,11-tetramethyltricyclo[5.3.1.01,5]undec-9-eneterpenoid
  • (+)-perillaldehydeterpenoid
  • neryl acetateterpenoid
  • (2E,6Z)-farnesolalcohol
  • Augustic acidterpenoid
  • (1S,4S)-β-guaieneterpenoid
  • CID 15560278terpenoid
  • decaneacid
  • (1aR,4R,4aR,7aS,7bR)-1,1,4-trimethyl-7-methylidene-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azuleneterpenoid
  • Colosolic acidterpenoid
  • (1R,3E,7E,11R)-1,5,5,7-tetramethyl-12-oxabicyclo[9.1.0]dodeca-3,7-dieneterpenoid
  • (E)-3-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoic acidacid
  • (1S,2S,7R,8S)-2,6,6,11-tetramethyltricyclo[5.4.0.02,8]undec-10-en-9-oneterpenoid
  • (2R)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • (2S)-7-[[(2S,3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-3-[[(2S,3R,3aR,6R,6aR)-3,6-dihydroxy-5-oxo-3,3a,6,6a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-b]furan-2-yl]oxy]-6-hydroxy-5-oxo-3,3a,6,6a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-b]furan-2-yl]oxy]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • 3,5-diethyltoluene
  • (5S)-5-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione
  • 1-(furan-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutan-1-oneterpenoid
  • Cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-(2-pentenyl)-, [1R-[1alpha,2beta(Z),3alpha]]-acid
  • Linaloyl beta-D-glucopyranosideterpenoid
  • (3R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoic acidacid
  • methyl (3R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoateacid
  • ethyl (3R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoateacid
  • d-carvoneterpenoid
  • L-lysineacid
  • 1-(furan-3-yl)-4-methylpent-2-en-1-one
  • dihydromyrceneterpenoid
  • alpha-terpineolalcoholreads as floral, lilac (PubChem)
  • campesterolalcohol
  • (6R,10R)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-oneterpenoid
  • (6S,10R)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-oneterpenoid
  • scutellarinflavonoid
  • sabineneterpenoid
  • 1-octen-3-olalcohol
  • benzyl β-D-glucosidesugar
  • beta-turmeroneterpenoid
  • alpha-Ylangeneterpenoid
  • 3-Hydroxyestragole beta-D-glucopyranosideacid
  • Apigenin7-(6-O-caffeoyl)glucosideflavonoid
  • [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S)-4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene-1-carboxylateterpenoid
  • Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)-terpenoid
  • beta-sitosterolalcohol
  • alpha-humuleneterpenoid
  • 3-hexenalaldehyde
  • Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, 2-formate, (1R,2R,4R)-rel-terpenoid
  • benzaldehydealdehydereads as burning aromatic taste (PubChem)
  • 3-octanoneketonereads as mild fruity odor (PubChem)
  • 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dihydroxychromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • alpha-Humulenterpenoid
  • sec-butylaminenitrogen compoundreads as amine odor (PubChem)
  • caffeic acidacid
  • epi-maslinic acidacid
  • 2-ethylpyrazinepyrazine
  • 2-isobutyl-3-methyl pyrazinepyrazine
  • (-)-perillaldehydeterpenoid
  • (S)-(-)-perillic acidterpenoid
  • (+)-4-terpineolterpenoid
  • 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazinepyrazine
  • methyl esterprotocatechuic acidphenol
  • 4,10,11,11-tetramethyltricyclo[5.3.1.01,5]undecaneterpenoid
  • Rosmarinic Acid Methyl Esteracid
  • (+)-Curcumeneterpenoid
  • eugenyl glucosideacid
  • Perilloside Aterpenoid
  • butylated hydroxytoluenephenolreads as very faint, musty, occasional cresylic-type odor (PubChem)
  • docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidacid
  • docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acidacid
  • eugenolphenolreads as odor of cloves (PubChem)
  • (2E/Z,6E/Z)-farnesolterpenoid
  • perilla alcoholalcohol
  • 2,3-Dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acidterpenoid
  • 1,10-decanediolalcohol
  • piperitenoneterpenoid
  • pomolic acidterpenoid
  • Benthamic acidterpenoid
  • 5-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid delta-lactoneether
  • methyl salicylateesterreads as liquid having the characteristic odor of wintergreen (PubChem)
  • (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acidflavonoid
  • myristicinacid
  • (-)-limoneneterpenoid
  • D-limoneneterpenoidreads as citrus odor (PubChem)
  • delta-cadineneterpenoid
  • (4R)-limonene 1,2-epoxideether
  • cyanidin 3-O-β-D-glucosideflavonoid
  • cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucosideflavonoid
  • alpha-cubebeneterpenoid
  • (-)-alpha-curcumeneterpenoid
  • beta-selineneterpenoid
  • thujopseneterpenoid
  • pulegoneterpenoidreads as pleasant odor, midway between peppermint and camphor (PubChem)
  • (-)-β-phellandreneterpenoid
  • (+)-α-terpineolalcohol
  • (-)-dihydrocarveolalcohol
  • Shisoninflavonoid
  • arachidonic acidacid
  • farnesolalcoholreads as mild, oily (PubChem)
  • Methyl 4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-enecarboxylateterpenoid
  • geranyl diphosphateterpenoid
  • eicosapentaenoic acidacid
  • violaxanthinterpenoid
  • riboflavinnitrogen compoundreads as bitter (PubChem)
  • Perilloside Esugar
  • (1R,2S,6S,7S,8R)-1,3-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]dec-3-eneterpenoid
  • 1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde
  • epsilon-muuroleneterpenoid
  • elsholtzia ketoneterpenoid
  • isolimoneneterpenoid
  • p-Mentha-3,8-dieneterpenoid
  • edetic acidacid
  • 4-hydroxy-3-(4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbonyl)-1-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-2-pyridin-3-yl-2H-pyrrol-5-onenitrogen compound
  • phytolalcohol
  • apigeninflavonoid
  • luteolinflavonoid
  • linoleic acidacid
  • β-caroteneterpenoid
  • luteolin-7-O-β-glucuronideflavonoid
  • luteolosideflavonoid
  • chryseriolflavonoid
  • apigetrinflavonoid
  • stigmasterolalcohol
  • alpha-linolenic acidacid
  • cis-3-hexen-1-olalcoholreads as powerful grassy-green odor (PubChem)
  • 2-Hexenalaldehyde
  • Tuberonic acid glucosidesugar
  • antheraxanthinterpenoid
  • crocetinterpenoid
  • luteinterpenoid
  • neoxanthinterpenoid
  • esculetincoumarin
  • germacrene Bterpenoid
  • humuleneterpenoid
  • isocaryophylleneterpenoid
  • (6E)-(+)-nerolidolalcohol
  • beta-ocimeneterpenoid
  • β-asaroneether
  • (R)-rosmarinic acidacid
  • Shisoninflavonoid
  • alpha-iononeterpenoidreads as sweet-floral odor, reminiscent of violets (PubChem)
  • luteolin-7-O-[β-D-glucuronosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronide]flavonoid
  • 9'-cis-neoxanthinterpenoid
  • (9E,12Z)-linoleic acidacid
  • elaidolinolenic acidacid
  • 2,4-heptadienalaldehyde
  • (E)-phytonadioneketone
  • pent-2-en-4-ynyl pentanoate
  • nepetoidin Bacid
  • [(Z)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • ethyl trans-caffeateacid
  • (6Z)-β-farneseneterpenoid
  • germacrene Dterpenoid
  • trans-2-hexenolalcohol
  • (E)-1-(furan-3-yl)-4-methylpent-2-en-1-oneketone
  • Isoelemicinacid
  • (6Z)-(+/-)-nerolidolalcohol
  • cis-β-Ocimeneterpenoid
  • (6Z)-(+)-nerolidolalcohol
  • (3Z,6E)-α-farneseneterpenoid
  • 7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane, 4-(1,5-dimethyl-1,4-hexadienyl)-1-methyl-terpenoid
  • cis-3-hexenyl acetateester
  • methyl geranateterpenoid
  • cosmeneterpenoid
  • 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4,6,10-tetraeneterpenoid
  • 1-(furan-2-yl)butan-2-onefuran
  • crotylaldehydealdehyde
  • vitamin Cacidreads as pleasant, sharp, acidic taste (PubChem)
  • Clerodendrinflavonoid
  • 1-Propanone, 1-(3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-
  • 2-Isopropylidene-3-methylhexa-3,5-dienalterpenoid
  • Elsholtzione, .alpha.-dehydroterpenoid
  • sitoglusideterpenoid
  • 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexeneterpenoid
  • estroneterpenoid
  • L-lysineacidreads as sweet/bitter (PubChem)
  • cholesterolalcohol
  • 7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • edetic acidacid
  • L-leucineacid
  • 1-octen-3-oneacid
  • L-methionineacidreads as faint (PubChem)
  • phenylalanineacidreads as bitter (PubChem)
  • hexanalaldehydereads as sharp, aldehyde odor (PubChem)
  • oleanolic acidterpenoid
  • β-bourboneneterpenoid
  • L-histidineacidreads as sweet (PubChem)
  • L-valineacid
  • L-threonineacid
  • tryptophanacidreads as flat taste (PubChem)
  • 2,4-hexadienalaldehyde
  • geraniolalcoholreads as sweet rose odor (PubChem)
  • methylisoeugenolether
  • geranialterpenoidreads as strong lemon odor (PubChem)
  • trans-β-iononeterpenoidreads as warm woody, dry, and fruity odor (PubChem)
  • squaleneterpenoidreads as faint agreeable odor (PubChem)
  • (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetateterpenoid
  • (S)-rosmarinic acidacid
  • alpha carotene (stereochemistry specified)terpenoid
  • cis-linalool oxideether
  • (Z)2,(E)4,(E)6-Allofarneseneterpenoid
  • (-)-endo-alpha-bergamoteneterpenoid
  • trans-linalool oxideether
  • isomenthoneterpenoid
  • Ocimene
  • 3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamyl alcoholalcohol
  • neralterpenoid
  • nerolalcoholreads as sweet rose (PubChem)
  • Salviaflasidesugar
  • (3Z)-3-hexenalaldehyde
  • Ursolic acid acetateterpenoid
  • (2R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl (2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • ursolic acidacid
  • humula-1(11),4,8-trieneterpenoid
  • (-)-dihydrocarveol acetateterpenoid
  • campheneterpenoidreads as camphor-like (PubChem)
  • p-tert-pentylphenolhydrocarbon
  • β-terpineneterpenoid
  • (R)-beta-bisaboleneterpenoid
  • Pseudolimoneneterpenoid
  • Perilleneterpenoid
  • beta-Tocopherolterpenoid
  • trans-caffeic acidphenol
  • caffeic acid methyl esterester
  • beta-elemeneterpenoid
  • tryptophanacid
  • phenylalanineacid
  • L-histidineacid
  • L-valineacid
  • L-threonineacid
  • indole-3-carboxylic acidacid
  • DL-piperitoneterpenoid
  • thymolphenolreads as aromatic odor (PubChem)
  • L-methionineacid
  • γ-aminobutyric acidacid
  • (S)-(+)-3-octanolalcohol
  • (4-Prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexyl)methyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
  • L-leucineacid
  • methyl eugenolacidreads as bitter, burning taste (PubChem)
  • eugenol acetatephenol
  • ethenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • L-lysineacid
  • 3-pentanoneketone
  • 3-[[6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
  • tormentic acidterpenoid
  • [6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateflavonoid
  • isoeugenolacid
  • furfuryl alcoholalcoholreads as bitter (PubChem)
  • 2-methoxy-3-(prop-1-en-1-yl)phenolacid
  • α-phellandreneterpenoid
  • γ‑terpineneterpenoid
  • p-cymeneterpenoidreads as mild pleasant odor (PubChem)
  • Cyanidin 3-(6-caffeoylglucoside) 5-glucosideflavonoid
  • Cyanidin 3-(6''-ferulylglucoside) 5-glucosideflavonoid
  • 3-[[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acidflavonoid
  • Cyanidin 3-(6-feruloylglucoside) 5-(6-malonylglucoside)flavonoid
  • 10-undecyn-1-olalcohol
  • Methyl alpha-galactosidesugar
  • 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • 2-(3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • furanreads as ethereal (PubChem)
  • 1-hexanolalcoholreads as fatty, fruity (PubChem)
  • nonaneacid
  • decanalaldehydereads as citrus odor (PubChem)
  • dodecaneacid
  • 2,4,6-triisopropylphenolterpenoid
  • 3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-furanterpenoid
  • 2-Methyl-3-propylpyrazinepyrazine
  • 2-Methyl-3-butylpyrazinenitrogen compound
  • isoeugenolacidreads as spice-clove odor (PubChem)
  • alpha-bergamoteneterpenoid
  • cupareneterpenoid
  • shikimic acidacid
  • protocatechualdehydephenol
  • cis-verbenolterpenoid
  • estragoleetherreads as sweet taste reminiscent of anise (differing from anethole) (PubChem)
  • citralterpenoid
  • 2-pyridonenitrogen compound
  • L-valineacid
  • (+)-dihydrocarveolalcohol
  • Luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronic acid 6''-methyl esterflavonoid
  • sambunigrinnitrogen compound
  • (S,1Z,6Z)-8-Isopropyl-1-methyl-5-methylenecyclodeca-1,6-dieneterpenoid
  • (1aS,4aS,7aS,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azuleneterpenoid
  • (5S)-1-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexeneterpenoid
  • (2Z)-2-methyl-6-[(1S)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]hepta-2,6-dien-1-olterpenoid
  • (1R,2S,7S,8S)-1,3-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]dec-3-eneterpenoid
  • methyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoateacid
  • (+)-campheneterpenoid
  • cycloheptanelactone
  • γ-tocopherolterpenoid
  • (7S,11R)-7,11,15-trimethyl-3-methylidenehexadec-1-eneterpenoid
  • bornyl acetateterpenoid
  • elixeneterpenoid
  • delta-guaieneterpenoid
  • (5-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyridin-3-YL)methyl dihydrogen phosphatenitrogen compound
  • 10-Methoxycamptothecinnitrogen compound
  • valenceneterpenoid
  • 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-oneketonereads as fruity taste (PubChem)
  • phenylacetaldehydealdehyde
  • neoechinulin Anitrogen compound

Sources

  • Cai et al. 2023, Foods
  • Kagawa et al. 2019, Food Science & Nutrition
  • Liu et al. 2013, Chemistry Central Journal
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