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Saffron

Spice & roots· spice

Saffron

What it tastes like

On the nose: bitter, camphor, woody, citrus. Among its measured molecules: β-isophorone, safranal, dihydro-β-ionone, geranylacetone, β-cyclocitral.

What goes with it

236 more go with it. See them all in the full library →

Salt and acid

Salt

0 mgAsian pear10 mgCinnamon100 mgFennel seed1,000 mgOlive10,000 mgFish sauce

Sodium 148 mg per 100 g — USDA FoodData Central 170934.

Acid

Acid not measured yet.

Unusual pairings

Pairs the library can cite that almost nobody makes.

15 of 164 compounds on file carry a paper the library can cite.

  • 1,8-cineolearomaterpenoidreads as camphor (PubChem)Measured in 38 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene alcohols, row 'Eucalyptol' (code V20, RI 1219/1219, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • α-phellandrenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 29 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'α-Phellandrene' (code V16, RI 1177/1171, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • γ‑terpinenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 44 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'γ-Terpinene' (code V24, RI 1257/1257, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • α-terpinenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 16 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'α-Terpinene' (code V17, RI 1190/1190, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • p-cymenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 42 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'p-Cymene' (code V28, RI 1285/1287, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • β-cyclocitralaromaterpenoidMeasured in 10 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene aldehydes, row 'β-Cyclocitral' (code V55, RI 1649/1638, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • β-isophoronearomaketoneMeasured in 1 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene ketones, row 'β-Isophorone' (code V39, RI 1428/1429, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • terpinolenearomaterpenoidreads as terpene taste (PubChem)Measured in 38 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'Terpinolene' (code V29, RI 1291/1291, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • limonenearomaterpenoidreads as lemon (PubChem)Measured in 92 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'D-Limonene' (code V19, RI 1209/1209, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • myrcenearomaterpenoidMeasured in 68 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene hydrocarbons, row 'β-Myrcene' (code V15, RI 1166/1166, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • safranalaromaterpenoidMeasured in 2 of 341 ingredients.cite
    below the limit of quantification in the control, rising to 2.69 ± 0.35 g/kg saffron under the 800 W / 40 s treatment — García-Blázquez et al. 2021, Foods (Table 2 (Content of the main compounds of saffron obtained under different microwave dehydration treatments), column 'Safranal')
  • picrocrocintastesugarreads as bitterMeasured in 1 of 341 ingredients.cite
    244.2 ± 8.9 g/kg saffron in the control, falling to 174.3-233.7 g/kg across the microwave dehydration treatments — the largest single metabolite measured in that table — García-Blázquez et al. 2021, Foods (Table 2, column 'Picrocrocin')
  • dihydro-β-iononearomaterpenoidMeasured in 4 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene ketones, row 'dihydro-β-ionone' (code V70, RI 1857/1854, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • trans-β-iononearomaterpenoidreads as warm woody, dry, and fruity (PubChem)Measured in 19 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene ketones, row 'trans-β-Ionone' (code V75, RI 1967/1964, ID 'RI/MS/S'))
  • geranylacetonearomaketoneMeasured in 9 of 341 ingredients.cite
    detected in saffron and confirmed against an authentic standard — Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods (Table 1, Monoterpene ketones, row 'trans Geranyl Acetone' (code V71, RI 1871/1870, ID 'RI/MS/S'))

On file, no cited source yet ✳

These molecules are on record for it from the library's earlier sources. We are buying and requesting the papers; each one that lands moves its molecule up into the cited list.

  • 2,4,4-Trimethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one
  • kaempferol 7-O-glucosideflavonoid
  • Crocin 5
  • 2-Methyl-6-oxo-2,4-heptadienoic acid 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester
  • Crocin-4terpenoid
  • 13-cis-Crocinterpenoid
  • (4R)-3,5,5-Trimethyl-4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-cyclohexen-1-oneterpenoid
  • (4S)-3,5,5-Trimethyl-4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-cyclohexen-1-oneterpenoid
  • Crocin 6terpenoid
  • beta-D-glucosyl crocetinacid
  • tyrosolphenol
  • (4S)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-oneterpenoid
  • Kinsenosidesugar
  • 6''-O-Acetylastragalinflavonoid
  • Goodyeroside
  • beta-D-gentiobiosyl crocetinacid
  • pyrogallol
  • syringic acidphenol
  • Crocusatin Gterpenoid
  • CTK1C6954terpenoid
  • Crocusatin Fterpenoid
  • Crocusatin Cterpenoid
  • Crocusatin Jterpenoid
  • phenylethyl beta-D-glucopyranosidesugar
  • thyminenitrogen compound
  • (4S)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-oneterpenoid
  • uracilnitrogen compound
  • 4-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehydeterpenoid
  • 5-methylfurfuralfuran
  • 2-hexanolalcohol
  • (4S)-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-2-one
  • Isovanillic acidacid
  • Kaempferol 3-sophoroside 7-glucosidesugar
  • 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • 3-Gentiobiosyl-kaempferolflavonoid
  • (1S)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-olterpenoid
  • Mangicrocinterpenoid
  • Crocin 4terpenoid
  • 4-hydroxybenzoic acidacid
  • capric acidacid
  • Eucarvoneterpenoid
  • 4-[(3S)-2,6,6-Trimethyl-3-hydroxy-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]-3-buten-2-oneterpenoid
  • 4-Hydroxybenzoyl glucoseester
  • Kaempferol 3,7,4'-O-triglucosideflavonoid
  • 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acidacid
  • 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]cyclohexeneterpenoid
  • (3R,4S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)pentan-1-onenitrogen compound
  • (4S)-4-hydroxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-oneterpenoid
  • (4R)-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohexene-1-carbaldehydeterpenoid
  • 16-Methoxy-2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-16-oxohexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenoic acidterpenoid
  • zeta-caroteneterpenoid
  • 4-Hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-3-oxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehydeketone
  • perlolyrinenitrogen compound
  • 1-methyl-3H,4H,9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indolenitrogen compound
  • bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioateterpenoid
  • [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetateflavonoid
  • (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-16-oxo-16-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenoic acidterpenoid
  • CZSBHMFVVLYIQQ-JSGNAMQFSA-Nterpenoid
  • (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-16-oxo-16-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenoic acidterpenoid
  • [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetateflavonoid
  • (2S)-2-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-oneterpenoid
  • (4S)-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohexene-1-carbaldehydeterpenoid
  • 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]ethanone
  • 1-O-methyl 16-O-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioateterpenoid
  • 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-oneflavonoid
  • 1-[4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]ethanone
  • (8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioic acidterpenoid
  • benzyl β-D-glucosidesugar
  • methyl vanillatephenol
  • benzoic acidphenolreads as bitter taste (PubChem)
  • Populnin 3-O-(6-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranoside)flavonoid
  • (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioateterpenoid
  • Tricrocinterpenoid
  • 6-Hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one
  • benzyl alcoholalcoholreads as aromatic (PubChem)
  • bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10Z,12E,14Z)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioateterpenoid
  • crocetin diglucopyranosideester
  • Crocetin neapolitanose gentiobiosyl esterterpenoid
  • 2-Isopropylidenecyclohexanoneterpenoid
  • methyl esterprotocatechuic acidphenol
  • capric acidacid
  • 4-coumaric acidacid
  • salicylic acidacid
  • Bis[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioateterpenoid
  • 4-hydroxybenzoic acidphenol
  • 2-Cyclohexene-1,4-dione, 2-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-terpenoid
  • caprylic acidacid
  • lauric acidacidreads as like oil of bay (PubChem)
  • naringeninflavonoid
  • naringinflavonoid
  • delphinidin 3-O-glucoside cationflavonoid
  • petunidin 3-O-beta-D-glucosideether
  • Crocetin digentiobiosyl esterterpenoid
  • 9-alpha-Ribofuranosyladeninenitrogen compound
  • (2-{9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl}furan-3-yl)methanolnitrogen compound
  • β-caroteneterpenoid
  • (all-E)-phytoeneterpenoid
  • all-trans-zeta-caroteneterpenoid
  • stigmasterolalcohol
  • rutinflavonoid
  • kaempferolflavonoid
  • zeaxanthinterpenoid
  • crocetinterpenoid
  • crocinterpenoid
  • harmannitrogen compound
  • myricetinflavonoid
  • rhamnetinflavonoid
  • Astragalinflavonoid
  • sophoraflavonolosideflavonoid
  • Quospflavonoid
  • crocetin dimethyl esterterpenoid
  • isorhamnetin 3-O-glucosideflavonoid
  • 3-Hydroxy-beta-iononeterpenoid
  • (2Z,4E,6Z,8E,10E,12E,14Z)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioic acidterpenoid
  • alpha-Crocetinterpenoid
  • gentobiose (pyranose form)sugar
  • 2-Ethoxy-5-methoxybenzaldehydephenol
  • (4R)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-oneterpenoid
  • phenylethyl alcoholalcoholreads as sharp burning taste (PubChem)
  • adenosinenitrogen compoundreads as saline, or bitter taste (PubChem)
  • Senecialdehydealdehyde
  • 5-Methoxyfuraldehyde
  • kaempferol 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucosideflavonoid
  • Crocusatin Hterpenoid
  • p-coumaric acidacid
  • (E)-sinapic acidacid
  • amylene hydratealcoholreads as camphor (PubChem)
  • Crocusatin Kterpenoid
  • all-trans-phytoflueneterpenoid
  • isophoroneketonereads as camphor (PubChem)
  • linaloolalcoholreads as spicy, citrus taste (PubChem)
  • (R)-naringeninflavonoid
  • protocatechuic acidacid
  • crocetinterpenoid
  • methylparabenesterreads as burning taste (PubChem)
  • nicotinyl alcoholalcohol
  • Dimethyl 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioateterpenoid
  • pelargonic acidacidreads as fatty (PubChem)
  • vanillic acidacid
  • beta-Crocetinterpenoid
  • hexanoic acidacid
  • phytoeneterpenoid
  • niacinamidenitrogen compoundreads as bitter taste (PubChem)
  • phytoflueneterpenoid
  • 3-hydroxybutyrolactone
  • (4S)-4-[(beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)methyl]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-oneterpenoid
  • (4S)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[(1E,3R)-3-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}but-1-en-1-yl]cyclohex-2-en-1-oneterpenoid
  • crocetin gentiobiosylglucosyl esterester
  • Crocusatin Bterpenoid

Sources

  • Cozzolino et al. 2022, Foods
  • García-Blázquez et al. 2021, Foods
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